Peptide Reference Hubs

Dual GIP / GLP-1 Receptor Agonist

Tirzepatide is a once-weekly dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist approved for T2DM (Mounjaro) and chronic weight management (Zepbound). This pillar covers mechanism, half-life, bioavailability, pivotal trials, safety, and regulatory status.

GLP-1 Receptor Agonist

Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist approved for type 2 diabetes (Ozempic, Rybelsus) and chronic weight management (Wegovy). The SELECT trial demonstrated cardiovascular risk reduction in people with obesity but without diabetes. This pillar covers mechanism, half-life, pharmacokinetics, pivotal trials, safety, and regulatory status.

Synthetic pentadecapeptide, research compound

BPC-157 is a pentadecapeptide researched primarily in rodent models for potential effects on tendon, gastric mucosa, and other tissues. No regulatory agency has approved it for any therapeutic use. This page summarises preclinical findings, proposed mechanisms, the known limits of the evidence, and the research-only regulatory status in all covered jurisdictions.

GHRH Analog (CJC-1295) combined with GHS-R1a Agonist / Ghrelin Receptor Agonist (Ipamorelin)

CJC-1295 (a GHRH analog) and Ipamorelin (a selective GHS-R1a agonist) are research peptides often discussed as a combination. This pillar covers their individual pharmacology, the rationale for combining them, available Phase I/II data, pharmacokinetics, and safety signals. Neither compound is approved in any jurisdiction.

GLP-1 Receptor Agonist

Liraglutide is a once-daily GLP-1 receptor agonist marketed as Victoza (diabetes) and Saxenda (weight management). This pillar covers structure, mechanism, half-life, the LEADER cardiovascular outcomes trial, the SCALE weight-management program, safety, and regulatory status across five major jurisdictions.

Actin-Sequestering Peptide / Tissue Repair Research Compound

TB-500 is a research compound marketed as synthetic Thymosin β4 or its active fragment. Not approved by FDA, EMA, MHRA, TGA, or Health Canada. This pillar covers Tβ4 biology, the actin-sequestration mechanism, available early-phase clinical data, and the absence of pivotal trial evidence.

Melanocortin Receptor Agonist

PT-141 (bremelanotide) is a melanocortin receptor agonist approved as Vyleesi for HSDD in premenopausal women. This pillar covers the MC receptor pharmacology, RECONNECT Phase 3 trial data, key adverse effects (nausea, transient BP elevation), and regulatory status across five jurisdictions.

Copper-Binding Tripeptide / Cosmetic Ingredient

GHK-Cu (Gly-His-Lys copper complex) is a naturally occurring tripeptide studied for wound healing, skin regeneration, and anti-inflammatory effects, mainly in fibroblast culture and small clinical observations. Not FDA, EMA, MHRA, TGA, or Health Canada approved for therapeutic use. Widely present in cosmetic formulations.